Why are children at a higher risk for developing shock compared to adults?

Children are at a higher risk for developing shock compared to adults primarily due to their smaller blood volumes. This anatomical and physiological difference means that children have less circulating blood to maintain adequate perfusion and oxygen delivery to vital organs. In cases of trauma, dehydration, or illness that lead to blood loss or fluid depletion, children can quickly reach critical levels of hypovolemia.

While higher metabolic rates contribute to the demands placed on a child's body, it is the limited blood volume that is most directly impactful when it comes to the immediate risk of shock. Since even a small loss of blood or fluid can significantly affect a child’s capacity to maintain blood pressure and perfusion, they must be monitored closely for signs of shock following any form of significant fluid loss or crisis.