When splinting a joint injury, which part(s) of the extremity should be immobilized?

The correct approach to immobilizing a joint injury is to secure the injured joint along with the bones above and below it. This is essential because joint injuries often involve damage not just to the joint itself but also to the structures surrounding it, including ligaments, tendons, muscles, and the bones at either end of the joint. By immobilizing the entire segment of the extremity, you reduce the risk of further injury to these structures and help stabilize the joint.

Immobilization of the bones above and below the joint restricts movement that could exacerbate the injury and allows for a more effective stabilization of the area. It also minimizes pain and prevents any potential displacement of the injured area, aiding in a more successful recovery process.

Focusing on just the injured joint might leave adjacent areas vulnerable to movement and could result in more severe injuries. Likewise, immobilizing only the bones above or below doesn’t provide adequate support to the affected joint, potentially aggravating an already compromised condition. Lastly, immobilization of surrounding muscles isn't practical since it’s the bones and joints that need protection to prevent further injury and properly support the healing process.