What is recognized as the leading cause of cardiac arrest in infants and children?

Airway and breathing problems are recognized as the leading cause of cardiac arrest in infants and children due to the significantly higher susceptibility of this age group to respiratory distress and failure. Infants and young children often experience various conditions, such as infections or illnesses, that can impair their respiratory function. When the airway becomes obstructed or if there is inadequate breathing, it can lead to hypoxia (lack of oxygen), which can quickly result in cardiac arrest.

In contrast, while cardiac defects, extreme dehydration, and severe allergic reactions can also lead to serious complications, they do not occur with the same frequency or urgency as airway and breathing issues in this population. Infants and young children’s anatomy and physiology make them more prone to airway problems, and their respiratory systems can decline rapidly, underscoring the importance of recognizing and addressing these issues promptly.