How should EMRs treat a patient who is hyperventilating and experiencing shortness of breath?

Administering oxygen to a patient who is hyperventilating and experiencing shortness of breath is the most appropriate response because it directly addresses the potential underlying issue of inadequate oxygenation. Hyperventilation can often lead to decreased carbon dioxide levels in the blood, which may result in respiratory alkalosis and symptoms such as dizziness, tingling in the extremities, and increased anxiety. By providing oxygen, the EMR helps ensure that the patient receives sufficient levels of this vital gas, which can alleviate some of the symptoms associated with hyperventilation.

While deep breathing exercises can be beneficial in certain situations where anxiety plays a role, it might not be appropriate to actively encourage them without first addressing the immediate need for oxygen. Cold compresses may provide some comfort in terms of panic, but they do not address the physiological aspects of hyperventilation and are not a primary treatment. Calling for emergency transport can be necessary if the situation escalates or if the EMR is unable to manage the patient's condition; however, providing oxygen should be prioritized to stabilize the patient before further actions are taken.